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# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
# lint: pylint
"""This is the implementation of the Bing-WEB engine. Some of this
implementations are shared by other engines:
- :ref:`bing images engine`
- :ref:`bing news engine`
- :ref:`bing videos engine`
On the `preference page`_ Bing offers a lot of languages an regions (see section
'Search results languages' and 'Country/region'). However, the abundant choice
does not correspond to reality, where Bing has a full-text indexer only for a
limited number of languages. By example: you can select a language like Māori
but you never get a result in this language.
What comes a bit closer to the truth are the `search-APIs`_ but they don`t seem
to be completely correct either (if you take a closer look you will find some
inaccuracies there too):
- :py:obj:`searx.engines.bing.bing_traits_url`
- :py:obj:`searx.engines.bing_videos.bing_traits_url`
- :py:obj:`searx.engines.bing_images.bing_traits_url`
- :py:obj:`searx.engines.bing_news.bing_traits_url`
.. _preference page: https://www.bing.com/account/general
.. _search-APIs: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/bing/search-apis/
"""
# pylint: disable=too-many-branches, invalid-name
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
import base64
import re
import time
from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlencode, urlparse
from lxml import html
import babel
import babel.languages
from searx.utils import eval_xpath, extract_text, eval_xpath_list, eval_xpath_getindex
from searx.locales import language_tag, region_tag
from searx.enginelib.traits import EngineTraits
if TYPE_CHECKING:
import logging
logger: logging.Logger
traits: EngineTraits
about = {
"website": 'https://www.bing.com',
"wikidata_id": 'Q182496',
"official_api_documentation": 'https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/bing/apis/bing-web-search-api',
"use_official_api": False,
"require_api_key": False,
"results": 'HTML',
}
# engine dependent config
categories = ['general', 'web']
paging = True
time_range_support = True
base_url = 'https://www.bing.com/search'
"""Bing (Web) search URL"""
bing_traits_url = 'https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/bing/search-apis/bing-web-search/reference/market-codes'
"""Bing (Web) search API description"""
def _page_offset(pageno):
return (int(pageno) - 1) * 10 + 1
def set_bing_cookies(params, engine_language, engine_region):
params['cookies']['_EDGE_CD'] = f'm={engine_region.lower()}&u={engine_language.lower()};'
def request(query, params):
"""Assemble a Bing-Web request."""
engine_region = traits.get_region(params['searxng_locale'], 'en-us')
engine_language = traits.get_language(params['searxng_locale'], 'en-us')
set_bing_cookies(params, engine_language, engine_region)
query_params = {'q': query, 'first': _page_offset(params.get('pageno', 1))}
params['url'] = f'{base_url}?{urlencode(query_params)}'
unix_day = int(time.time() / 86400)
time_ranges = {'day': '1', 'week': '2', 'month': '3', 'year': f'5_{unix_day-365}_{unix_day}'}
if params.get('time_range') in time_ranges:
params['url'] += f'&filters=ex1:"ez{time_ranges[params["time_range"]]}"'
return params
def response(resp):
# pylint: disable=too-many-locals
results = []
result_len = 0
dom = html.fromstring(resp.text)
# parse results again if nothing is found yet
for result in eval_xpath_list(dom, '//ol[@id="b_results"]/li[contains(@class, "b_algo")]'):
link = eval_xpath_getindex(result, './/h2/a', 0, None)
if link is None:
continue
url = link.attrib.get('href')
title = extract_text(link)
content = eval_xpath(result, '(.//p)[1]')
for p in content:
# Make sure that the element is free of <a href> links
for e in p.xpath('.//a'):
e.getparent().remove(e)
content = extract_text(content)
# get the real URL
if url.startswith('https://www.bing.com/ck/a?'):
# get the first value of u parameter
url_query = urlparse(url).query
parsed_url_query = parse_qs(url_query)
param_u = parsed_url_query["u"][0]
# remove "a1" in front
encoded_url = param_u[2:]
# add padding
encoded_url = encoded_url + '=' * (-len(encoded_url) % 4)
# decode base64 encoded URL
url = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(encoded_url).decode()
# append result
results.append({'url': url, 'title': title, 'content': content})
# get number_of_results
try:
result_len_container = "".join(eval_xpath(dom, '//span[@class="sb_count"]//text()'))
if "-" in result_len_container:
# Remove the part "from-to" for paginated request ...
result_len_container = result_len_container[result_len_container.find("-") * 2 + 2 :]
result_len_container = re.sub('[^0-9]', '', result_len_container)
if len(result_len_container) > 0:
result_len = int(result_len_container)
except Exception as e: # pylint: disable=broad-except
logger.debug('result error :\n%s', e)
if result_len and _page_offset(resp.search_params.get("pageno", 0)) > result_len:
# Avoid reading more results than avalaible.
# For example, if there is 100 results from some search and we try to get results from 120 to 130,
# Bing will send back the results from 0 to 10 and no error.
# If we compare results count with the first parameter of the request we can avoid this "invalid" results.
return []
results.append({'number_of_results': result_len})
return results
def fetch_traits(engine_traits: EngineTraits):
"""Fetch languages and regions from Bing-Web."""
xpath_market_codes = '//table[1]/tbody/tr/td[3]'
# xpath_country_codes = '//table[2]/tbody/tr/td[2]'
xpath_language_codes = '//table[3]/tbody/tr/td[2]'
_fetch_traits(engine_traits, bing_traits_url, xpath_language_codes, xpath_market_codes)
def _fetch_traits(engine_traits: EngineTraits, url: str, xpath_language_codes: str, xpath_market_codes: str):
# pylint: disable=too-many-locals,import-outside-toplevel
from searx.network import get # see https://github.com/searxng/searxng/issues/762
# insert alias to map from a language (zh) to a language + script (zh_Hans)
engine_traits.languages['zh'] = 'zh-hans'
resp = get(url)
if not resp.ok: # type: ignore
print("ERROR: response from peertube is not OK.")
dom = html.fromstring(resp.text) # type: ignore
map_lang = {'jp': 'ja'}
for td in eval_xpath(dom, xpath_language_codes):
eng_lang = td.text
if eng_lang in ('en-gb', 'pt-br'):
# language 'en' is already in the list and a language 'en-gb' can't
# be handled in SearXNG, same with pt-br which is covered by pt-pt.
continue
babel_lang = map_lang.get(eng_lang, eng_lang).replace('-', '_')
try:
sxng_tag = language_tag(babel.Locale.parse(babel_lang))
except babel.UnknownLocaleError:
print("ERROR: language (%s) is unknown by babel" % (eng_lang))
continue
conflict = engine_traits.languages.get(sxng_tag)
if conflict:
if conflict != eng_lang:
print("CONFLICT: babel %s --> %s, %s" % (sxng_tag, conflict, eng_lang))
continue
engine_traits.languages[sxng_tag] = eng_lang
map_region = {
'en-ID': 'id_ID',
'no-NO': 'nb_NO',
}
for td in eval_xpath(dom, xpath_market_codes):
eng_region = td.text
babel_region = map_region.get(eng_region, eng_region).replace('-', '_')
if eng_region == 'en-WW':
engine_traits.all_locale = eng_region
continue
try:
sxng_tag = region_tag(babel.Locale.parse(babel_region))
except babel.UnknownLocaleError:
print("ERROR: region (%s) is unknown by babel" % (eng_region))
continue
conflict = engine_traits.regions.get(sxng_tag)
if conflict:
if conflict != eng_region:
print("CONFLICT: babel %s --> %s, %s" % (sxng_tag, conflict, eng_region))
continue
engine_traits.regions[sxng_tag] = eng_region
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